![]() ![]() When to use an abstract class vs.Whiskybase B.V.How to use const, readonly, and static in C#.How to use fluent interfaces and method chaining in C#.How to benchmark C# code using BenchmarkDotNet.How to use named and optional parameters in C#.How to use ArrayPool and MemoryPool in C#.How to log data to the Windows Event Log in C#. ![]() You should have a single instance for such a purpose to avoid conflicting requests for the same resource. A singleton class would also be a good choice when you want to manage a shared resource such as a printer spooler. Typical examples include manager classes for use in logging, caching, thread pools, etc. The singleton pattern can be used for designing classes for which you need just one instance. This results in a simple implementation and improves the application’s performance as well, because you don’t have any instances for such a class. A static class represents a unit of organization for a set of methods that are not associated with any particular instance.Ī static class is a good choice when you only need a utility class that contains several utility methods-you don't need an instance in such cases. To sum up, a static class is one that can’t have any instances and contains only static members, i.e., members that are not associated with a particular instance. The problems arise when the static method calls other methods or when the object being tested calls the static method. As long as the method and its dependencies are idempotent, the method can be unit tested. A static method that holds no state or doesn’t change state can be unit tested. Note that the static methods pertaining to a static class are not untestable in themselves. The tests executed on a static class might affect one another because those tests don’t execute on different instances. It is extremely difficult (if not impossible) to mock a static class. While testing a singleton class is easy, the same cannot be said for a static class. Lazy initialization is a technique that defers object creation, i.e., an instance of a class can be loaded on demand so as to improve the performance of an application and reduce memory requirements. Singleton classes can be designed to load lazily, while static classes can be loaded only eagerly. Whenever you use a static class, you don’t have any control over when the static constructor is called. Any member of a static class such as a constructor, a field, a property, or an event is static. You cannot instantiate a static class, so it cannot be used wherever the “this” reference is required (an indexer, a method parameter). You can have the Dispose method in a singleton class but not in a static class. While you can clone an instance of a singleton class, the same is not possible in a static class. Moreover, while you can have extension methods in a singleton class, a static class cannot have extension methods. Likewise, you cannot inherit a static class and override its methods. The following code snippet illustrates a static class. The static keyword allows you to define both static classes and static members. To declare a class as static, you should mark it with the static keyword in the class declaration. Static classes cannot be instantiated or extended. (You can read more about static classes and static class members in C# in my previous article here.) Create a static logger class in C# In both examples below I have omitted the necessary code for logging the data for brevity. Both of these classes provide a Log method that can be used to log data to a specific log target. In the sections that follow, we’ll implement two classes - a static class named StaticLogger and a singleton class named SingletonLogger. We’ll compare and contrast a singleton class and a static class based on the following points: Singleton class or static class? How to choose Ensure that Authentication is set to “None” as we won’t be using authentication either.Ensure that the check boxes “Enable Docker,” “Configure for HTTPS,” and “Enable Razor runtime compilation” are unchecked as we won’t be using any of those features here.NET 5.0 as the target framework from the drop-down list at the top. In the “Additional Information” window shown next, select.Optionally check the “Place solution and project in the same directory” check box, depending on your preferences.In the “Configure your new project” window, specify the name and location for the new project.In the “Create new project” window, select “ASP.NET Core Web App (Model-View-Controller)” from the list of templates displayed. ![]()
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